Part A: Multiple Choice
1. Nitrogen wastes from the breakdown of proteins and amino acids are removed from the body by the
a) conversion of ammonia to urea in the liver and filtration by the kidney;
b) conversion of ammonia to urea in the kidney and filtration by the kidney;
c) conversion of urea to ammonia in the liver and secretion by the kidney;
d) conversion of urea to ammonia in the kidney and secretion by the kidney;
e) conversion of nitrogen to ammonia in the liver and secretion by the kidney.
2. What is positive feedback?
a) a process which slows down or stops the reaction, reducing the stimulus or its effects
b) a process which accentuates or increases a response to a stimulus and serves to destroy equilibrium
c) a process which serves to maintain equilibrium
d) a process that maintains the body temperature within a range that enables cells to function efficiently
3. A rapid increase in external temperature would be followed by which homeostatic adjustment in humans?
a) an increase in urine production and decrease in heart rate;
b) decreased blood flow to the arms and shivering;
c) an increase in blood flow to the arms and an increase in perspiration;
d) the formation of goosebumps and shivering;
e) an increased heart rate and decreased blood flow to the arms
4. Concentrated urine is produced when ADH is
a) abundant and the loop of Henle is impermeable to water;
b) lacking and the loop of Henle is permeable to water;
c) lacking and the collecting duct is impermeable to water;
d) abundant and the collecting duct is permeable to water;
e) unchanged and the nephron is impermeable to water
5. The process by which blood is pumped under pressure through permeable capillaries, forcing out water, wastes and nutrients
a) secretion
b) filtration
c) negative feedback
d) reabsorption
Part B: Fill in the Blanks
1. All homeostatic control systems have three functional components: a ________, a ________, and a ________
2. The afferent arterioles carry blood ________ the glomerulus, while the efferent arterioles carry blood ________ the glomerulus
3. When _______ in the brain detect a rise in body temperature, a ________ message is coordinated within the _______ and a signal is sent to the sweat glands to initiate ________
4. To maintain life processes, the _______must eliminate ________ products. The ________ eliminates carbon dioxide, the large _______ removes toxic wastes, and the liver transforms ingested toxins into soluble compounds that can be eliminated by the _________
