G-I

Ganglia: collections of nerve cell bodies located outside of the central nervous system

Glial cells: non-conducting cells important for structural support and metabolism of the nerve cells

Glomerulus: high-pressure capillary bed that is the site of filtration.

Glucagon: hormone produced by the pancreas; when blood sugar levels are low, glucagons promotes conversion of glycogen to glucose

Glucocorticoids: various hormones, produced by the adrenal cortex, designed to help the body meet the demands of stress

Goiter: disorder that causes an enlargement of the thyroid gland

Gonadotropic hormones: hormones produced by the pituitary gland that regulates the functions of the testes in males and the ovaries in females

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH): chemical messenger from the hypothalamus that stimulates secretions of FSH and LH from the pituitary

Homeostasis: process by which a constant internal environment is maintained despite changes in the external environment.

Hormones: chemicals released by cells that affect cells in other parts of the body

Hyperpolarized: condition in which the inside of the nerve cell membrane becomes more negative than the resting potential

Hypothalamus: region of the vertebrates brain responsible for coordinating many nerve and hormone functions.

Insulin: hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas; insulin is secreted when blood sugar levels are high

Interstitial fluid: fluid that surrounds the body cells